The consequences of the NATO summit that concluded Wednesday in Ankara will be determined primarily by two questions: Will Europeans step up to honor their defense-spending commitments and carry more of the security burden on the continent? And will President Trump step back further from the alliance? The answer to the first question is a resounding yes. Unfortunately, the answer to the second question is maybe. At the heart of these dynamics is the concept of “NATO 3.0,” which US Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Elbridge Colby and Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth popularized and NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte adopted. President Donald Trump listened to Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez during the working session at the NATO Summit this week. dpa/picture alliance via Getty Imag